(
Vehicle-to-
Everything) Vehicle-to-everything is the ultimate manifestation of automated traffic and self-driving cars. V2X comprises the wireless communications from vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) as well as from vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), the latter envisioned as a network of base stations along roads and highways.
V2X means surrounding traffic conditions are transmitted to the vehicle with much greater precision than today's in-dash notification systems that warn of street closures and traffic jams. Future alerts for road repairs, hazards and detours will be similar to today's Waze navigation but with much greater real-time detail. Drivers will be able to avoid problems; for example, they can be instantly warned when approaching a curve too quickly, and the car may even slow down by itself.
Traffic lights can be coordinated more effectively with passenger cars as well as emergency vehicles, eventually eliminating the physical lights altogether (see
virtual traffic lights). In addition, payments made directly from the vehicle will allow drivers to automatically pay for parking at garages and fast food at drive-ins just like today's E-ZPass pays highway tolls. See
self-driving car.
DSRC
Dedicated short range communications (DSRC) is a proposed V2X standard for North America that uses the 802.11p protocol in the 5.9 GHz band. Pedestrians and cyclists with DSRC-enabled smartphones can also interact with the vehicle's system. In 2018, the American Trucking Associations (ATA) and Toyota both endorsed the DSRC method.
C-V2X
Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) is another V2X standard that uses LTE cellular bands that are separate from those used by cellphone subscribers. Introduced in 2017 by the 3GPP, C-V2X covers two systems: one for real-time traffic and road conditions and another for vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) and vehicle-to-pedestrian/cyclists. See
V2G and
V2H.