The science of communications between humans and machines. The term was coined in 1948 by Norbert Wiener (1894-1964), one of the great mathematicians of the 20th century, as "the scientific study of control and communication in the animal and the machine." The word comes from "kybernetes," which is Greek for "steersman" or "helmsman," the person who steers the ship (see
Kubernetes). See
cyber,
AI,
techno-humanism and
robot.